MOCK Q.374 : Which among the following is/are classified under the Third Generation Vaccines ?

MOCK Q.374- IAS 2019 - FRAMED FROM The Hindu

LINK :http://www.upsconlineacademy.net/IAS-FRAMED-QUESTIONS.html

Q.374 Which among the following is/are classified under the Third Generation Vaccines ?

1. DTP vaccine

2. DNA Vaccine

3. Polio Vaccine

Select the correct answer using the codes given below :

A) Only 3

B) 2 & 3

C) 1 & 2

D) Only 2

Ans. D

DTP vaccine – Second generation Vaccine

DNA Vaccine- Third generation Vaccine

Polio Vaccine- First generation Vaccine

DNA vaccination is a technique for protecting against disease by injection with genetically engineered

DNA so cells directly produce an antigen, producing a protective immunological response. DNA vaccines

have potential advantages over conventional vaccines, including the ability to induce a wider range of

immune response types.

Several DNA vaccines are available for veterinary use. Currently no DNA vaccines have been approved for

human use. Research is investigating the approach for viral, bacterial and parasitic diseases in humans,

 as well as for several cancers.

Applications

No DNA vaccines have been approved for human use in the United States. Few experimental trials have

evoked a response strong enough to protect against disease and the technique's usefulness remains to be

proven in humans. A veterinary DNA vaccine to protect horses from West Nile virus has been approved.

First-Generation Vaccines. Attenuated and inactivated vaccines are identified in the first generation,

which use a primary method in their production. Attenuated pathogens, full organisms or inactivated

bacterial toxin, which are effectively immunogenic, are used in making these vaccines.

2nd Generation Vaccines:-

The second generation vaccines were created in order to minimize the risks of having the pathogen

revert to a dangerous form.

The way these vaccines work is that they do not contain the whole organism, but rather subunits.

Subunits may consist of the toxins that the pathogen create (if they are bacterial). Another example of

subunit vaccines are those that only contain protein sections of the pathogen, such as an acellular

form.

A great example of a 2nd generation vaccine is DTaP. The vaccine contains diptheria toxoid, tetanus

toxoid, pertussis toxoid, as well as the acellular version of pertussis.

As with the issues with the 1st generation of vaccines, the 2nd generation vaccines can generate

antibody response and T-helper response, but AGAIN, no T-Killer response.